| 中药材芍药种植技术要点 |
| 添加时间：2018/11/17 15:08:18 浏览次数： |
| 1、选择排水良好通风向阳,土层深厚,肥沃的壤土或沙壤土为宜,前茬以小麦荐优。栽培要求精耕细作,深耕20—40ｃｍ,耕翻1次或2次,结合耕翻每公顷施农家肥2400—60000ｋｇ作基肥,耕平,做畦。 1. Choose a well-drained, well-ventilated and sunny soil with deep soil layer and fertile loam or sandy loam, and recommend wheat as the first stubble. Cultivation requires intensive tillage, deep tillage of 20-40 cm, tillage once or twice, combined with tillage of 2400-60 000 kg of farm manure per hectare for basic fertilizer, tillage, and border. 2、常采用分株繁殖,芍药的栽植必须在8—9月进行,因这时利于根的伤口愈合和萌发新根,过晚芍药芽头已发新根,栽植时容易弄断,影响来年生长。掘起老株,将芍药头从根部割下,选形状粗大,无病虫害的芽盘,按大小和芽的多少,顺其自然生长形状切成块,每块留芽2—4个,芽头下留2ｃｍ长的头以利生长。一般每公顷芍药芽头可栽3—4ｈｍ2,每4至5年分株一次为宜。芍药芽头好随切随栽。如不能及时栽种,应及时贮藏,可在室内选阴凉通风干燥处,地上铺湿润的细沙土,将芽头向上堆放,再盖湿润沙土。栽植时,按芍药芽头大小分别栽植,便于管理。行株距50ｃｍ×30ｃｍ,每公顷栽6×104株—6 8×104株。穴栽,每穴放一块,埋入地下3ｃｍ为宜。栽植时,土壤不易过湿,以免引起烂根影响成活。烂前覆盖麦草,树叶等,保持土壤温度。第二年3月上旬,芍药萌发前清除覆盖物。 2. It is often used to propagate by ramets. The planting of Paeonia lactiflora must be carried out from August to September, because it is beneficial to the wound healing and germination of new roots. The buds of Paeonia lactiflora have new roots too late. It is easy to break when planting, which affects the growth of the following year. Dig up the old plant, cut the head of Paeonia lactiflora from the root, select the bud tray with thick shape and no disease and insect pest. According to the size and number of buds, cut it into pieces according to its natural growth shape, each bud 2-4, and the head 2 cm long under the bud head to facilitate growth. Generally, the peony sprouts can be planted 3 to 4hm2 per hectare, and it is suitable for every 4 to 5 years. Peony shoots are good and cut with planting. If you can't plant in time, you should store it in time. You can choose a cool, ventilated and dry place indoors, lay wet fine sand on the ground, pile buds up, and cover wet sand. When planting, the size of peony sprouts is planted separately to facilitate management. Row spacing ranged from 50cm to 30cm, with 6 x 104 plants per hectare - 68 x 104 plants. Hole planting, one hole per hole, buried underground 3cm is appropriate. When planting, soil is not easy to wet, so as not to cause root rot to affect survival. Cover the wheat, leaves and so on before the rot, and keep the soil temperature. In early March of second, peony was cleared before germination. 3、中耕除草早春松土保墒 出苗后每年中耕除草4—6次,中耕宜浅,以免伤根死苗。10月下旬,封冻前,离地面7—10ｃｍ处剪去枝叶,在根茎培土约15ｃｍ,以利越冬。 3. Medium tillage and weeding 4-6 times a year after early spring soil loosening and soil moisture preservation seedling emergence. Shallow medium tillage should be used to avoid root injury and seedling death. In late October, before freezing, branches and leaves were cut 7-10 cm away from the ground and soil was planted on the rhizome for about 15 cm in order to survive winter. 4、第二年起每年追肥三次,每次追肥,于植株两侧挖穴施下为好,详情见表1。 4 and second years, three times of top dressing every year. Every time the top dressing is applied to the two sides of the plant, the details are shown in Table 1. 5、芍药喜旱怕涝,一般不需灌溉,严重干旱时,可在傍晚灌透水一次。多雨季及时清沟排水,减少发病机会。 5. Paeonia lactiflora is good for drought and waterlogging. Generally, it does not need irrigation. In severe drought, it can be irrigated at night. In the rainy season, drain and drain in time to reduce the chance of disease. 6、为了使养分集中供根部生长,每年春季现蕾时要及时将侧蕾摘除,花后如不留种子要将残花剪去。 6. In order to concentrate nutrients for root growth, side buds should be removed in time when budding every spring, and residual flowers should be cut off if seeds are not left after flowers. |
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